What is considered the oldest commercial business in North America?

The Hudson's Bay Company is recognized as the oldest commercial business in North America, having been established in 1670. It was initially formed for trade in fur, particularly involving beaver pelts, which were highly sought after in Europe during that time. The company's establishment marked a significant development in North America's economic history and colonial trade networks.

The importance of the Hudson's Bay Company extends beyond commerce; it played a pivotal role in the exploration and development of vast areas of Canada and the northern parts of the United States. Its operations contributed to the shaping of the socio-economic landscape of North America, including relationships with Indigenous populations, territorial dynamics, and settlement patterns.

While other entities like the Dutch East India Company and Massachusetts Bay Colony were integral to their respective regions and periods, they do not have the same claim to longevity as a commercial entity in the context of North America. Moreover, the term "East India" without a specific reference does not pertain to a business that has a direct historical correlation with North American commerce. Thus, the Hudson’s Bay Company stands out distinctly as the correct answer.