What role does religion play in society according to the study?

Religion plays a significant role in society primarily by acting as a social process that provides meaning and unity among individuals. It helps to establish shared values and beliefs, which fosters a sense of community and belonging among its followers. This cohesive social function allows individuals to navigate the complexities of life by offering explanations for existential questions, guiding moral behavior, and creating a collective identity. Through rituals, traditions, and communal activities, religion strengthens social bonds and enhances solidarity within groups, enabling people to feel connected to something greater than themselves.

The other options highlight aspects of society that can be influenced by religion but do not encapsulate its primary role as effectively. Economic development may occur in contexts where religion plays a part, but it is not the fundamental function of religion. While scientific advancements may arise from various historical interactions with religious thought, they are not inherently a product of religion itself. Political power can be influenced by religion, but religion’s core social role is to provide meaning and unity within communities.