Which countries were significantly impacted during the 2nd phase of British colonialism?

During the second phase of British colonialism, which is often characterized by the expansion and consolidation of the British Empire in the 19th century, countries such as Australia, South Africa, and regions in East Africa were significantly impacted. This phase saw the British Empire expanding its influence through annexation and settlement in these areas, which included the establishment of colonies, the exploitation of local resources, and significant socio-political changes.

In Australia, British colonization began in 1788 and led to the displacement of Indigenous peoples and the establishment of penal colonies. In South Africa, British control transformed the social and economic structures, culminating in profound changes to land rights and governance, impacting both the Indigenous populations and later settler communities. The British interest in East Africa, particularly in places like Kenya and Uganda, led to the establishment of plantations, railways, and significant infrastructure changes that reshaped local economies and societies.

This correct choice highlights the key regions where British colonial policies had lasting effects, promoting the spread of British culture, language, and governance, as well as leading to conflicts and challenges for Indigenous populations. Other options represent nations or regions either not significantly affected during this phase or pertain to different colonial influences.