Which of the following best describes urbanization?

Urbanization is primarily characterized by the migration of people from rural to urban areas. This process often occurs as individuals seek better employment opportunities, education, and social services that more urbanized regions typically offer. As a result, urban areas grow in population density and economic activity, shifting the demographic landscape of a region.

This definition aligns closely with the concept of urbanization, which reflects not only a numerical increase in urban populations but also significant cultural and societal changes that arise as communities adapt to city life. The focus on economic development and the influx of diverse populations contribute to the dynamics of urban growth.

In contrast, the other options describe processes that are either related to rural populations or to agricultural practices, which do not accurately capture the essence of urbanization itself. These aspects highlight different dimensions of societal changes rather than the specific migration trend that defines urban growth.